Illustrations of Exotic Entomology, Volume 2 — Key Ideas to Explore

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In Category - Insects
Drury, Dru, 1725-1803, Westwood, J. O. (John Obadiah), 1805-1893 [Editor] Project Gutenberg 2014 Not confirmed
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Words 48,442
Reading time 211 min
Text sections 10

The catalog record for Illustrations of Exotic Entomology, Volume 2 — Key Ideas to Explore provides practical reading context through 48,442 words, 3 hr 31 min estimated reading time, and 10 detected text sections.

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Dru Drury's 1837 entomological volume, updated by J. O. Westwood, pairs hand-colored plates with precise species descriptions. The preface reveals the author's commercial and scientific motivations, while entries like Deilephila nessus and Glaucopis coarctata show a blend of Linnaean taxonomy, larval ecology, and collector data from Madras to Honduras.
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The copy on which this edition is based was bound with the 3 volumes of text in one physical volume and the plates in another. They have been reordered into 3 separate projects with the plates inserted adjacent to the related text - other copies are known to have been bound in this fashion.

Page numbers enclosed by curly braces (example: {25}) have been incorporated to facilitate the use of the Index (in Volume III.).

Images of the original plates are available through Internet Archive. See https://archive.org/details/illustrationsofe12drur

Project Gutenberg has the other two volumes of this work. Volume I: see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/47599. Volume III: see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/47601.

UPWARDS OF SIX HUNDRED AND FIFTY

FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS

REMARKS AND REFLECTIONS ON THEIR NATURE AND PROPERTIES.

BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT STATE OF THE SCIENCE, WITH THE SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERS OF EACH SPECIES, SYNONYMS, INDEXES, AND OTHER ADDITIONAL MATTER.

BY J. O. WESTWOOD, F.L.S.

SOC. CÆS. NAT. CUR. MOSQ. SOC. ETC. ETC.

HENRY G. BOHN, 4, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

{iii}MR. DRURY'S PREFACE

TO THE FIRST EDITION.

To gratify a laudable curiosity, and lead the mind to the exercise of one of its noblest faculties, was the motive that first encouraged me to publish a work of this kind. How far it has answered these ends, what pleasure it has produced, of what benefit or advantage it has been to mankind, by inducing them to contemplate the admirable works of Providence, and trace its wisdom and goodness through the medium of this branch of the history of nature, are circumstances, the confined sphere of life in which I have hitherto moved, has not given me those opportunities of knowing that I could wish. But the kind reception the first volume of this work has met with, seems to justify the opinion that it has not been written in vain.

In the Preface to my former volume, I told my readers, that my design of giving an addition to that work, would entirely depend on the reception the public should be pleased to give it. I was willing to have some proof of the public approbation, before I ventured rashly to engage further in so considerable an expense as the engraving and colouring the plates, &c. which was too great for me to incur without a prospect of a reimbursement.

It is now with the utmost pleasure I can declare, that I have the greatest reason to be satisfied on that head; the world has generously encouraged my first attempt, and it is to that cause the present volume owes its appearance. The quick sale of a great number of copies, on the first publication, was a proof of the great progress natural history had made; and gave me the utmost hopes a continuation might be equally as acceptable, if conducted on the same plan, and rendered as agreeable by the exertion of the artist's abilities. I have now the satisfaction of offering a volume to the public not inferior to the first.

It is a pleasing reflection to consider the great strides natural history is making in this kingdom, as well as in other parts of the world; and the many publications on the various subjects of nature, that have made their appearance within these last three or four years, is a circumstance that must give every man of a liberal mind the greatest satisfaction. We {iv}see persons, skilled in natural history, receiving encouragements and reward from men of rank and property, according to their respective abilities. Some are encouraged to pursue their studies in foreign parts, and investigate the secrets of nature among the trees and plants; others are employed in discovering countries, and searching the shores of coasts, hitherto unknown, for subjects that will afford either profit or speculative pleasure; while the artist at home is not neglected and abandoned, but meets the reward his merit entitles him to.

Natural history has, certainly, less reason to court the favour of mankind than many other branches of knowlege; as the pursuit of it, either as a science or amusement, is so replete with pleasure, that it is hardly possible to refuse it our approbation and encouragement, so soon as we give ourselves the least time to enquire into its merits; and we are often stimulated to pursue it from the appearance of that inexhaustible store of entertainment it is sure to afford. It is therefore less to be wondered at that publications on these subjects are more numerous than formerly; as the desire of communicating knowledge and happiness is irresistible, and men, for their own sakes, will be induced to follow the tracks, where the enjoyment of unallayed pleasure lies within their grasp.

Dru Drury's preface to the second volume of Illustrations of Exotic Entomology (1837) is an unusually candid document. Rather than a straightforward scientific introduction, Drury explains that the work's continuation depended on public sales—the 'quick sale of a great number of copies' justified the expense of engraving and coloring plates. This commercial framing sits alongside a stated desire to 'lead the mind to the exercise of one of its noblest faculties' through natural history. The volume thus presents itself as both a luxury object and a contribution to Enlightenment science.

The edition, updated by J. O. Westwood, integrates Linnaean taxonomy, synonyms, and habitat data. Entries follow a consistent structure: Latin diagnosis, English description of upper and under sides, and occasional natural history notes. The result is a work that balances aesthetic appeal with systematic rigor, inviting readers to move between plate and text.

A Publisher's Candid Preface

Drury's preface offers a rare glimpse into the economics of eighteenth-century natural history publishing. He writes that he needed 'some proof of the public approbation, before I ventured rashly to engage further in so considerable an expense.' The success of the first volume—measured by sales—directly enabled the second. This transparency about financial risk is unusual in scientific prefaces of the period.

Yet Drury also frames his work as a moral and intellectual endeavor, aiming to 'gratify a laudable curiosity' and induce contemplation of 'the admirable works of Providence.' The preface thus reveals a tension between commerce and piety that shaped many natural history projects. Readers encountering the volume for the first time may find this opening a useful key to understanding the author's dual motivations.

Structure of a Species Entry

Each species description follows a predictable pattern, making the volume easy to navigate. The entry for Deilephila nessus (Plate XXVII) exemplifies this: a Latin diagnosis, a list of synonyms (including references to Cramer and Fabricius), a habitat note ('Madras'), and then a detailed English description divided into 'Upper Side' and 'Under Side.' Colors are specified with precision—'ash-coloured,' 'golden yellow,' 'cream-coloured'—reflecting the importance of accurate hand-coloring in the plates.

The descriptions are purely morphological, with no speculation about behavior or ecology. However, some entries, like that of Glaucopis coarctata, include a question mark after the section heading ('Crepuscularia?'), indicating taxonomic uncertainty. This honesty about gaps in knowledge is a hallmark of the work's scientific integrity.

Natural History Details in the Descriptions

Although most entries are limited to physical description, a few include observations on life history. The account of Sphinx prini (not in the excerpt but referenced) notes that its caterpillar feeds on 'evergreen winter-berry' and describes its color: 'pale green, with six lateral oblique pink lines.' The text also records the duration of the pupal stage—one individual emerged after 33 days, another after eight months—and mentions parasitism by a small ichneumon wasp.

These details are attributed to the naturalist Abbot, whose field observations supplement Drury's own. The inclusion of such data, though sporadic, enriches the volume beyond a mere catalog of specimens. It connects the preserved insects to living organisms with specific behaviors and ecological relationships.

Geographic and Taxonomic Range

The volume covers insects from diverse regions, including Madras, the Bay of Honduras, and 'America meridionali.' This geographic breadth reflects the global reach of colonial natural history. The taxonomic range is also wide: the excerpt includes a sphingid moth (Deilephila nessus) and a possible aegeriid (Glaucopis coarctata), illustrating the editors' attempt to classify within the Linnaean system.

Westwood's updates add synonyms and references to contemporary works, such as Fabricius's Entomologia Systematica. The result is a text that functions both as a standalone reference and as a bridge to the broader entomological literature of the early nineteenth century. Readers interested in the history of classification will find these layers of citation revealing.

This volume rewards a sequential reading: start with the preface to understand Drury's aims, then examine a few entries in detail to grasp the descriptive conventions. Pay attention to the footnoted synonyms and habitat notes, which connect the work to a wider network of collectors and taxonomists. The plates, though not reproduced here, are essential companions—the text was designed to be read alongside them. For a fuller picture, consult Volumes I and III of the series, also available from Project Gutenberg.

That rainy afternoon, Drury’s hand-colored plates made me linger on each wing’s faint geography—Madras, Honduras—until I noticed how the British species in Butterflies and Moths (British) — Text and Context carried the same quiet exactness, though closer to home. The rain softened, and I simply turned pages, comparing one stranger’s catalogue to another’s.

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